Shandong Ecolink Technology Co., Ltd. is one of the most reliable manufacturers and suppliers of polyacrylamide for profile control in China, featured by quality products and good service. If you're going to wholesale high quality polyacrylamide for profile control, welcome to get more information from our factory.
Product Overview
Cationic Polyacrylamide (CPAM) is used in oilfields as a profile control and water shutoff agent. It functions by selectively plugging high-permeability zones and adjusting the water injection profile, effectively reducing water cut in oil wells and enhancing oil recovery.
As a profile control and water shutoff agent, CPAM reacts with residual anionic polymers in the formation to form flocculent precipitates, or forms high-strength gels when combined with crosslinking agents. This can reduce the permeability of high-permeability zones by more than 88%. It features adjustable gelation time (6–21 hours), high gel strength, excellent temperature and salt resistance, and strong selective plugging performance. With an input-output ratio of up to 1:4.41, it is an effective solution for enhanced oil recovery in late-stage polymer flooding reservoirs and high water-cut oil wells.
As a high-efficiency water injection well profile control agent, the recommended parameters are: molecular weight of 1–12 million (recommended 9–11 million) and ionic degree of 10%–30%.
Products Description
Compared with some low-end products on the market, our CPAM profile control agent adopts stricter standards in raw material selection, production processes, and quality control. This effectively avoids issues such as unstable molecular weight and inconsistent performance.
This polyacrylamide water shutoff agent delivers more stable performance under varying operating conditions, reducing the need for repeated adjustments and frequent chemical replacement. As a result, it helps customers lower overall application costs and improve operational efficiency.
Product Parameter (specification)
|
Parameter Category |
Parameter Item |
Recommended Specification |
|
Basic Parameters |
Appearance |
White granules or powder |
|
Solid Content |
≥88%–90% |
|
|
Residual Monomer |
≤0.1% |
|
|
Molecular Weight |
General Grade |
1–12 million |
|
Recommended Grade |
9–11 million |
|
|
Ionic Degree |
Optimal Adsorption |
10%–15% |
|
General Range |
20%–60% |
|
|
Full Range |
10%–80% |
|
|
Dissolution Performance |
Dissolution Time |
≤60–90 minutes |
|
Recommended Concentration |
0.1%–0.3% |
|
|
Gel Performance |
Gel Strength |
(15–20) × 10β΄ mPa·s |
|
Gelation Time |
6–21 hours (adjustable) |
|
|
Plugging Performance |
Plugging Efficiency |
>88% |
|
Cationic-Anionic Reaction Ratio |
30:1 (at complete reaction) |
Product Features & Advantages
High-Efficiency Plugging
Advantage: Permeability reduction exceeds 88%
π Customer Benefits:
Rapidly blocks high-permeability channels and reduces water channeling
Improves water injection efficiency
Enhances overall oil well productivity
π Recommended Combination:
Main agent (this product) + crosslinking agent + retarder
As a plugging agent for high-permeability zones, it quickly forms an effective seal.
Selective Plugging
Advantage: Preferentially enters high-permeability zones while protecting oil layers
π Customer Benefits:
Achieves "water shutoff without blocking oil"
Maintains oil production capacity and improves recovery rate
Reduces the risk of mis-plugging
π Recommended Combination:
Main agent + profile control agent + diverting agent
Strong Scour Resistance
Advantage: Stable plugging structure with strong resistance to erosion
π Customer Benefits:
Longer plugging cycle
Reduced need for repeated operations
Lower long-term maintenance costs
π Recommended Combination:
Main agent + stabilizer
Adjustable Gelation Time
Advantage: Adjustable from 6 to 21 hours
π Customer Benefits:
Adapts to different well depths and operational schedules
Improves operational success rate
Reduces operational risks
π Recommended Combination:
Main agent + delayed crosslinking agent
High Gel Strength
Advantage: Strong gel structure with excellent plugging performance
π Customer Benefits:
More effective sealing in complex formations
Suitable for high-pressure wells and challenging reservoirs
Improves first-time operation success rate
π Recommended Combination:
Main agent + enhanced crosslinking system
Excellent Temperature & Salt Resistance
Advantage: Suitable for high-temperature (>90°C) and high-salinity environments
π Customer Benefits:
Applicable to complex reservoir conditions
Reduces repeated operations caused by failure
Expands the range of exploitable reservoirs
π Recommended Combination:
Temperature- and salt-resistant main agent + anti-salinity additives
This product is especially suitable for harsh conditions such as high temperature and high salinity.
Significant Oil Increase & Water Reduction Effect
Advantage: Proven effective in field applications
π Customer Benefits:
Increases oil production
Reduces water cut
Extends the economic life of oil wells
π Recommended Combination:
Profile control system + oil displacement system
High Return on Investment
Advantage: Input-output ratio up to 1:4.41
π Customer Benefits:
Fast return on investment
Easier project approval
Improved profitability
π This product not only enables effective water shutoff and profile control, but also helps customers enhance oil recovery, extend well life, and achieve higher returns, making it a key solution for increasing production and reducing costs in oilfield operations.
Mechanism of Action (Detailed Explanation)
Mechanism 1: Precipitation Reaction with Anionic Polymers
When cationic PAM is injected into the formation, it reacts with residual anionic polymers (such as HPAM) through electrostatic interaction, forming flocculent precipitates.
- Reaction Ratio: At complete reaction, the mass ratio of cationic to anionic polymer is approximately 30:1
- Plugging Effect: The formed precipitate can reduce core permeability by more than 88%
- Sand-Carrying Capacity: At higher precipitate concentrations, it exhibits strong sand-carrying capability
Mechanism 2: Crosslinking to Form Gel
The polyacrylamide profile control agent reacts with phenolic crosslinking agents to form a three-dimensional network gel structure.
- Gel Characteristics: High strength, excellent temperature and salt resistance
- Performance Optimization: Gel strength can be adjusted by controlling the polymer and crosslinker concentrations
Mechanism 3: Alternating Injection Adsorption
Studies show that alternating injection of cationic and anionic polymers can form multilayer adsorption structures within the pore spaces of the reservoir, resulting in higher adsorption capacity and enabling deeper profile control.
This alternating injection process can significantly enhance profile control performance.
Recommended Formulation & Application Method
1. Recommended Formulation
|
Component |
Ratio |
Description |
|
Cationic PAM |
0.1%–0.5% |
Main agent |
|
Crosslinker (Phenolic Type) |
As required |
Forms gel with PAM |
|
Redox System |
As required |
W-1 water shutoff system: sodium thiosulfate + sodium dichromate + thiourea |
For late-stage polymer flooding reservoirs, an alternating injection process can be applied:
- Inject cationic polymer solution
- Inject anionic polymer solution (or residual HPAM in formation water)
- The two react to form flocculent precipitates, plugging high-permeability zones
- Prepare the CPAM profile control and water shutoff agent into a 0.1%–0.3% dilute solution
- Use neutral, low-hardness water for dissolution
- Stir thoroughly until fully dissolved (approximately 60–90 minutes)
- Add crosslinkers and other additives
- Inject into the formation
Production Control & Consistency
Unlike suppliers who rely mainly on final product inspection, we implement real-time monitoring of reaction parameters during the production process and precisely control key indicators. This ensures that oilfield-grade CPAM reaches a stable state during the formation stage.
Through stable raw materials and standardized production, batch-to-batch variations are effectively minimized. Control at the source ensures long-term stability in application.
Customer Benefits: Consistent product performance over long-term use, reducing operational issues and minimizing post-application adjustments.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Q1: What is the difference between cationic PAM profile control agents and anionic PAM?
A:
|
Comparison Item |
Cationic Profile Control Agent |
Anionic Profile Control Agent |
|
Mechanism |
Reacts with anionic polymers to form precipitates or cationic gels |
Forms anionic gels with crosslinkers |
|
Application |
Late-stage polymer flooding reservoirs (with residual HPAM), high-temperature and high-salinity reservoirs |
Conventional water flooding reservoirs |
|
Advantages |
Better selective plugging, minimal impact on oil permeability |
Mature technology, lower cost |
Q2: How long is the effective period of cationic PAM for profile control and water shutoff?
A: Flocculent precipitates exhibit strong resistance to erosion and provide long-lasting effectiveness
Field tests show significant oil increase and water reduction, with strong economic benefits (input-output ratio up to 1:4.41)
Q3: What molecular weight should be selected for cationic PAM in profile control and water shutoff?
A: Recommended range: 1–12 million, commonly 9–11 million
Selection principle:
- Lower molecular weight for deep penetration into the formation
- Higher molecular weight for forming high-strength gels
Q4: How does ionic degree affect performance?
A: Studies show that at 10%–15% cationic degree, adsorption on rock surfaces is maximized, achieving optimal profile control
Excessively high ionic degree increases cost and may affect reaction efficiency with anionic polymers
Recommended ionic degree: 10%–30%
Q5: What types of reservoirs is cationic PAM suitable for?
A:
|
Reservoir Type |
Suitability |
Description |
|
Late-stage polymer flooding |
Best |
Residual HPAM reacts with cationic PAM to form precipitates |
|
High-temperature reservoirs |
Suitable |
Temperature-resistant CPAM withstands >90°C |
|
High-salinity reservoirs |
Suitable |
Good salt resistance for high mineralization conditions |
|
Water-sensitive formations |
Suitable |
Cationic properties inhibit clay swelling |
Q6: How to control gelation time?
A: Gelation time can be adjusted by:
- Crosslinker dosage: higher dosage shortens gelation time
- Polymer concentration: increasing concentration accelerates gelation
- Redox system ratio: W-1 system (sodium dichromate / sodium thiosulfate / thiourea) allows adjustment within 6–21 hours
Q7: What precautions should be taken when using cationic PAM profile control agents?
A: 1. Compatibility: Contact with anionic polymers will immediately form precipitates-avoid mixing during injection
2. Dissolution: Must be fully dissolved to prevent "fish eyes" affecting performance
3. Injection sequence: Pay attention to sequence and spacer fluids in alternating injection processes
4. Storage: Store in a cool, dry place to prevent moisture and caking
5. Shelf life: Dry powder has a shelf life of 2 years
Q8: What are the economic benefits of using cationic PAM for profile control and water shutoff?
A: Field applications (e.g., Daqing Oilfield W-1 system) show an input-output ratio of up to 1:4.41, demonstrating significant economic benefits.
Our High-Quality Services
A. Direct Supply from Source Manufacturer
B. Customized R&D and Sample Services
C. Strict Quality Control & Professional Packaging
D. Innovation-Driven Development
E. One-Stop Global Logistics Service
F. Full Technical Support Throughout the Process
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As a stable and reliable manufacturer, we have served customers in many countries around the world.
Welcome to contact us for more product information and successful case studies. We look forward to establishing a long-term partnership with you.
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